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          LV06-05-linux平台总线模型-03-平台总线的匹配
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">PC端开发环境</td>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">Windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu20.04.2的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 17 Pro</td>        <td align="left">17.6.0 build-24238078</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">终端软件</td>        <td align="left">MobaXterm(Professional Edition v23.0 Build 5042 (license))</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Win32DiskImager</td>        <td align="left">Win32DiskImager v1.0</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">Linux开发板环境</td>        <td align="center">Linux开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux 阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2019.04</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.19.71(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr></table>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">官方网站</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.arm.com/" target="_blank">https://www.arm.com/</a></td>        <td align="left">ARM官方网站，在这里我们可以找到Cotex-Mx以及ARMVx的一些文档</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxp.com.cn/ </a></td>        <td align="left">NXP官方网站</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxpic.org.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxpic.org.cn/</a></td><td align="left">NXP 官方社区</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank">https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/</a></td><td align="left">u-boot官网</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.kernel.org/" target="_blank">https://www.kernel.org/</a></td><td align="left">linux内核官网</td>    </tr></table>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看相关文件下载 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">NXP</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx" target="_blank">https://github.com/nxp-imx</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP imx开发资源GitHub组织，里边会有u-boot和linux内核的仓库</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71" target="_blank">nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP linux内核仓库tags中的v4.19.71</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0" target="_blank">nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP u-boot仓库tags中的rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="2">I.MX6ULL</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/docs/en/data-sheet/IMX6ULLIEC.pdf" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications Processors for Industrial Products</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 芯片手册（datasheet，可以在线查看）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/webapp/Download?colCode=IMX6ULLRM&lang_cd=zh" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications ProcessorReference Manual</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 参考手册（下载后才能查看，需要登录NXP官网）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">Source Code</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">linux kernel源码</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/tree/?h=v4.19.71&id=e7d2672c66e4d3675570369bf20856296da312c4" target="_blank">kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree</a></td>        <td align="left">linux kernel源码(官网,tag 4.19.71)</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">uboot源码</td>    </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="一、平台总线匹配"><a href="#一、平台总线匹配" class="headerlink" title="一、平台总线匹配"></a><font size=3>一、平台总线匹配</font></h1><p>在前面学习总线的时候，我们知道，在编写总线驱动的时候都会实现一个xxx_match()函数来完成驱动和设备的匹配，平台总线也属于总线，内核已经帮我们实现好了这个函数：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L950">platform_match()</a>。接下来就来了解一下。</p>
<h2 id="1-platform-match"><a href="#1-platform-match" class="headerlink" title="1. platform_match()"></a><font size=3>1. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L950">platform_match()</a></font></h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L950">platform_match()</a> 函数定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">static</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">platform_match</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">struct</span> device *dev, <span class="keyword">struct</span> device_driver *drv)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">platform_device</span> *<span class="title">pdev</span> =</span> to_platform_device(dev);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">platform_driver</span> *<span class="title">pdrv</span> =</span> to_platform_driver(drv);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* When driver_override is set, only bind to the matching driver */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (pdev-&gt;driver_override)</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> !<span class="built_in">strcmp</span>(pdev-&gt;driver_override, drv-&gt;name);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* Attempt an OF style match first */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (of_driver_match_device(dev, drv))</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* Then try ACPI style match */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (acpi_driver_match_device(dev, drv))</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* Then try to match against the id table */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (pdrv-&gt;id_table)</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> platform_match_id(pdrv-&gt;id_table, pdev) != <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* fall-back to driver name match */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="built_in">strcmp</span>(pdev-&gt;name, drv-&gt;name) == <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L965">965</a> - <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L966">966</a> 行</li>
</ul>
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<p>这里调用了 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L43">to_platform_device()</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L191">to_platform_driver()</a> 宏。这两个宏定义的原型如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> to_platform_device(x)     (container_of((x), struct platform_device, dev)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> to_platform_driver(drv)   (container_of((drv), struct platform_driver, driver))</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>其中， <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L43">to_platform_device()</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L191">to_platform_driver()</a> 实现了对 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kernel.h#L989">container_of()</a> 的封装， dev、driver分别作为<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L23">struct platform_device</a>、<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L180">struct platform_driver</a> 的成员变量， 通过 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/kernel.h#L989">container_of()</a> 宏可以获取到正在进行匹配的platform_driver 和platform_device 。</p>
<ul>
<li>第 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L968">968</a> - <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/drivers/base/platform.c#L985">985</a> 行</li>
</ul>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119101404739.png" alt="image-20250119101404739"  />

<p>platform总线提供了<strong>四种匹配方式</strong>，并且这四种方式存在着优先级：设备树机制 &gt; ACPI匹配模式 &gt; id_table方式 &gt; 字符串比较。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>虽然匹配方式有这么多种，但是并没有涉及到任何复杂的算法，都只是在匹配的过程中，比较一下设备和驱动提供的某个成员的字符串是否相同。 设备树是一种描述硬件的数据结构，它用一个非C语言的脚本来描述这些硬件设备的信息，后面会详细学习。驱动和设备之间的匹配时通过比较compatible的值。 acpi主要是用于电源管理，基本上用不到，这里就暂时不去了解了。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="2-四种匹配方式"><a href="#2-四种匹配方式" class="headerlink" title="2. 四种匹配方式"></a><font size=3>2. 四种匹配方式</font></h2><p>其实算起来算是5种匹配方式，并且有有优先级：</p>
<ul>
<li>方式一：最先比较是否强制选择某个 driver  </li>
<li>方式二：设备树匹配</li>
<li>方式三：ACPI匹配</li>
<li>方式四：id匹配</li>
<li>方式五：name匹配</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="2-1-方式一：是否强制选择某个-driver"><a href="#2-1-方式一：是否强制选择某个-driver" class="headerlink" title="2.1 方式一：是否强制选择某个 driver  "></a><font size=3>2.1 方式一：是否强制选择某个 driver  </font></h3><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119105029722.png" alt="image-20250119105029722"  />

<p>这种方式比较的是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L32">platform_device.driver_override</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L186">platform_driver.driver.</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/device.h#L278">name</a>。可以设置 platform_device 的 driver_override，强制选择某个 platform_driver。这里就暂时不深入了解了。</p>
<h3 id="2-2-方式二：设备树匹配"><a href="#2-2-方式二：设备树匹配" class="headerlink" title="2.2 方式二：设备树匹配"></a><font size=3>2.2 方式二：设备树匹配</font></h3><blockquote>
<p>这个后面学习设备树的时候再学习，这里先简单了解一下。</p>
</blockquote>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119104932229.png" alt="image-20250119104932229"  />

<p>设备树匹配比较的是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L27">platform_device.dev.</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/device.h#L1023">of_node</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L186">platform_driver.driver.</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/device.h#L287">of_match_table</a>。由设备树节点转换得来的 platform_device 中，含有一个结构： <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/of.h#L51">struct device_node</a>。它的类型如下：  </p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">device_node</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *name; <span class="comment">// 来自节点的 name 属性</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *type; <span class="comment">// 来自节点的 device_type 属性</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//......</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span>	<span class="title">property</span> *<span class="title">properties</span>;</span><span class="comment">// 含有 compatible 属性</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//......</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>如果一个platform_driver支持设备树，它的 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L186">platform_driver.driver.</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/device.h#L287">of_match_table</a> 是一个数组，类型为 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/mod_devicetable.h#L241">struct of_device_id</a>：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/*</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Struct used for matching a device</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">of_device_id</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span>	name[<span class="number">32</span>];</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span>	type[<span class="number">32</span>];</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span>	compatible[<span class="number">128</span>];</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">void</span> *data;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>使用设备树信息来判断 dev 和 drv 是否配对时 ：</p>
<p>（1）首先，如果 of_match_table 中含有 compatible 值，就跟 dev 的 compatile属性比较，若一致则成功，否则返回失败；</p>
<p>（2）其次，如果 of_match_table 中含有 type 值，就跟 dev 的 device_type 属性比较，若一致则成功，否则返回失败；</p>
<p>（3）最后，如果 of_match_table 中含有 name 值，就跟 dev 的 name 属性比较，若一致则成功，否则返回失败。而设备树中建议不再使用 devcie_type 和 name 属性，所以基本上只使用设备节点的 compatible 属性来寻找匹配的 platform_driver。</p>
<h3 id="2-3-方式三：ACPI匹配"><a href="#2-3-方式三：ACPI匹配" class="headerlink" title="2.3 方式三：ACPI匹配"></a><font size=3>2.3 方式三：ACPI匹配</font></h3><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119105102343.png" alt="image-20250119105102343"  />

<p><strong>ACPI</strong>（高级配置和电源接口），这里就暂时不去了解了。</p>
<h3 id="2-4-方式四：id匹配"><a href="#2-4-方式四：id匹配" class="headerlink" title="2.4 方式四：id匹配"></a><font size=3>2.4 方式四：id匹配</font></h3><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119105133421.png" alt="image-20250119105133421"  />

<p>比较 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L24">platform_device.name</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table[i].</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/mod_devicetable.h#L546">name</a>， id_table 中可能有多项。 </p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table</a>是“<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/mod_devicetable.h#L546">platform_device_id</a>”指针，表示该 drv支持若干个 device，它里面列出了各个 device 的{.name, .driver_data}，其中的“ name”表示该 drv 支持的设备的名字， driver_data 是些提供给该device 的私有数据。  </p>
<p>在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L31">platform_device</a>和<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver</a>中均含有“<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/mod_devicetable.h#L546">platform_device_id</a>”指针，名字分别为<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L31">platform_device.id_entry</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table</a> 。<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table</a> 将会提供一个数组，里面包含这个驱动支持的所有设备的名称，以及私有数据，当设备和驱动匹配之后，会将驱动中匹配的这个设备的名字以及驱动将要提供的私有信息<strong>返回</strong>给设备中的<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L31">platform_device.id_entry</a> 成员：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/id_table_match.jpg" alt="驱动和设备匹配过程"  />

<p>所以，通过这种方式匹配的时候，<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L24">platform_device.name</a> 一定要存在于 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table</a> 指向的数组中，这样才可以完成匹配，并且匹配后，还可以获取到驱动中的一些信息。</p>
<h3 id="2-5-方式五：name匹配"><a href="#2-5-方式五：name匹配" class="headerlink" title="2.5 方式五：name匹配"></a><font size=3>2.5 方式五：name匹配</font></h3><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119110516247.png" alt="image-20250119110516247"  />

<p>当前面的都没有匹配上时，就会使用名称匹配，就是比较 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L24">platform_device.name</a> 和 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L186">platform_driver.driver.</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/device.h#L278">name</a> ：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/name_match.jpg" alt="名称匹配方式"  />

<p>通过这种方式完成匹配的话， <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L187">platform_driver.id_table</a> 需要为空或者里面没有 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.19.71/source/include/linux/platform_device.h#L24">platform_device.name</a> 。</p>
<h2 id="3-匹配方式总结"><a href="#3-匹配方式总结" class="headerlink" title="3. 匹配方式总结"></a><font size=3>3. 匹配方式总结</font></h2><p>画张图来帮助理解，不考虑ACPI匹配方式：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250119115206386.png" alt="image-20250119115206386"  />

<h1 id="二、平台总线匹配实现demo"><a href="#二、平台总线匹配实现demo" class="headerlink" title="二、平台总线匹配实现demo"></a><font size=3>二、平台总线匹配实现demo</font></h1><h2 id="1-名称匹配demo"><a href="#1-名称匹配demo" class="headerlink" title="1. 名称匹配demo"></a><font size=3>1. 名称匹配demo</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-demo源码"><a href="#1-1-demo源码" class="headerlink" title="1.1 demo源码"></a><font size=3>1.1 demo源码</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/sumumm/imx6ull-driver-demo/tree/master/06_platform_bus/03_name_match">06_platform_bus&#x2F;03_name_match · 苏木&#x2F;imx6ull-driver-demo - 码云 - 开源中国</a></p>
<h3 id="1-2-开发板验证"><a href="#1-2-开发板验证" class="headerlink" title="1.2 开发板验证"></a><font size=3>1.2 开发板验证</font></h3><p>将编译完的sdriver_demo.ko、sdevice_demo.ko拷贝到开发板，然后执行以下命令加载：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">insmod sdriver_demo.ko</span><br><span class="line">insmod sdevice_demo.ko</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后就会看到以下打印信息：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250120104158719.png" alt="image-20250120104158719"  />

<p>可以看到设备和驱动名称相同时，驱动中的xxx_probe()函数执行，然后会有提示驱动和设备匹配成功。我们再看一下  &#x2F;sys&#x2F;bus&#x2F;platform&#x2F;devices 和 &#x2F;sys&#x2F;bus&#x2F;platform&#x2F;drivers：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250120104604003.png" alt="image-20250120104604003"  />

<p>发现两个设备和驱动已经绑定在一起了。需要知道的是，这种匹配方式，驱动和设备的名称都是一样的，都是 sumu-sdev。</p>
<h2 id="2-id匹配demo"><a href="#2-id匹配demo" class="headerlink" title="2. id匹配demo"></a><font size=3>2. id匹配demo</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-demo源码"><a href="#2-1-demo源码" class="headerlink" title="2.1 demo源码"></a><font size=3>2.1 demo源码</font></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/sumumm/imx6ull-driver-demo/tree/master/06_platform_bus/04_id_match">06_platform_bus&#x2F;04_id_match · 苏木&#x2F;imx6ull-driver-demo - 码云 - 开源中国</a></p>
<h3 id="2-2-开发板验证"><a href="#2-2-开发板验证" class="headerlink" title="2.2 开发板验证"></a><font size=3>2.2 开发板验证</font></h3><p>将编译完的sdriver_demo.ko、sdevice_demo.ko拷贝到开发板，然后执行以下命令加载：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">insmod sdevice_demo.ko</span><br><span class="line">insmod sdriver_demo.ko</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后就会看到以下打印信息：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250120110322289.png" alt="image-20250120110322289"  />

<p>驱动中的xxx_probe()函数执行，然后会有提示驱动和设备匹配成功。我们再看一下  &#x2F;sys&#x2F;bus&#x2F;platform&#x2F;devices 和 &#x2F;sys&#x2F;bus&#x2F;platform&#x2F;drivers：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV06-%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV06-05-linux%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-03-%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%80%BB%E7%BA%BF%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D/img/image-20250120110453176.png" alt="image-20250120110453176"  />

<p>可以看到驱动和设备的名字已经不同了，但是两者还是成功进行了匹配。</p>
<h2 id="3-设备树匹配"><a href="#3-设备树匹配" class="headerlink" title="3. 设备树匹配"></a><font size=3>3. 设备树匹配</font></h2><p>这个后面学习设备树了再说。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>参考资料：</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16504163/article/details/118562670">一张图掌握 Linux platform 平台设备驱动框架！【建议收藏】-CSDN博客</a></p>
</blockquote>

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